Grades of Titanium Tube
Titanium tubes are available in a variety of grades. The most common grades are Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 9 and Grade 5. These grades represent the highest quality titanium tube on the market today and are used in aerospace applications such as fighter jets, commercial aircrafts and even spacecrafts.
Grade 1
(CP1) This is the first of four commercially pure titanium grades, known for its softness and ductility. It provides great formability, excellent corrosion resistance, and high impact toughness, making it the ideal material for applications that require easy formability. This grade of titanium is available as both plates and tubes, making it widely accessible.
Grade 2
(CP2) This is often referred to as the “workhorse” of the commercially pure titanium industry due to its versatility and widespread availability. It offers many of the same features as Grade 1 titanium, but with slightly more strength. Both grades offer excellent corrosion resistance. Furthermore, Grade 2 titanium has excellent weldability, strength, ductility, and formability, making it the perfect choice for a variety of applications.
Grade 5
It also called Ti-6Al-4V, is commonly referred to as the “workhorse” of the titanium alloys, accounting for 50% of total titanium usage worldwide. This alloy offers a number of benefits, including the ability to be heat treated to increase strength, as well as being usable in welded construction at service temperatures up to 600°F. Moreover, Grade 5 titanium offers a great combination of high strength and light weight, as well as excellent formability and corrosion resistance. Due to these qualities, Ti-6Al-4V is the preferred alloy for many industries, including aerospace, medical, marine, and chemical processing.
Grade 7
(0.12-0.25% Pd) This grade is similar in terms of mechanical and physical properties to Grade 2, with the additional element of palladium, making it an alloy. Grade 7 titanium has outstanding weldability and fabricality, and is the most corrosion resistant of all titanium alloys, with exceptional resistance to reducing acids. This alloy is commonly utilized in chemical processes and for production equipment components.
Grade 9
It also called Ti-3Al-2.5V, it offers much more strength than CP titanium, and unlike Grade 5 can be cold worked resulting in moderately high strength and good ductility. It is as weldable as the CP grades and has excellent resistance to corrosion. Ti-3Al-2.5V tubing always used in Aerospace Hydraulic Tube, Bicycle Frame and Subsea titanium housing.
Grade 12
(0.3Mo-0.8Ni) The grade is renowned for its excellent weldability. It is a durable alloy that offers excellent strength at high temperatures and shares many features with 300 series stainless steels. Moreover, Grade 12 titanium can be formed using various methods, such as press brake forming, stretch forming, and drop hammer method, which makes it a highly versatile alloy for a variety of applications. It always used on heat exchangers.
Grade 16
(0.04 -0.08% Pd) Similar with Grade 7, only lower palladium content. Grade 16 improve corrosion resistance is less than Grade 7.
Conversion Table
| Grade | UNS | ASTM/ASME | W.Nr. | AFNOR |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CP 1 Titanium | R50250 | Grade 1 | W.Nr. 3.7025 | T-35 |
| CP 2 Titanium | R50400 | Grade 2 | W.Nr. 3.7035 | T-40 |
| CP 3 Titanium | R50550 | Grade 3 | W.Nr. 3.7055 | T-50 |
| Ti-6Al-4V | R56400 | Grade 5 | W.Nr. 3.7164 | – |
| High Pd Titanium | R52400 | Grade 7 | W.Nr. 3.7235 | – |
| Ti-3Al-2.5V | R56320 | Grade 9 | – | – |
| Titanium-Mo-Ni | R53400 | Grade 12 | W.Nr. 3.7105 | – |
| Low Pd Titanium | R52402 | Grade 16 | – | – |
Mechanical Properties
| Titanium grade | UNS | Yield strength Rp0.2 MPa min | Tensile strength Rm MPa min | Elongation A % min |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cp Ti Grade 1 | R50250 | 138-310 | 240 | 24 |
| Cp Ti Grade 2 | R50400 | 275-450 | 345 | 20 |
| Cp Ti Grade 3 | R50550 | 380-550 | 450 | 18 |
| Ti Grade 5 | R56400 | 828 | 895 | 10 |
| Ti Grade 7 | R52400 | 275-450 | 345 | 20 |
| Ti Grade 9 (Annealled) | R56320 | 485 | 621 | 15 |
| Ti Grade 9 (CWSR) | R56320 | 725 | 860 | 10 |
| Ti Grade 12 | R53400 | 345 | 483 | 18 |
| Ti Grade 16 | R52402 | 275-450 | 345 | 20 |
Weight Of Titanium Tube
It is very easy to calculate the weight of titanium tubes. Formula as follow:
（OD – WT）* WT * 0.01416 = Weight of each Meter (Kg/Meter)
OD: External Diameter (Outer Diameter mm)
WT: Thickness of Tube (mm)
For example: Tube Size OD76.2mm * WT 1.2mm * Length 3000mm
Each Meter Weight : (76.2-1.2) * 1.2 * 0.01416 * 3 = 1.274 Kg/Meter
If you don’t want to calculate it by self, you have more easy way to use our online metals calculator.
Manufacturing Methods For Titanium Tubes
There are two main ways to make a titanium tube. The first is seamless tube, which is produced by Rotary Piercing or Extrusion to raw tube billet. Tubes are cold-rolled and heat-treated many times to its final size. Seamless tubes can be made in heavy thickness and more corrosion resistant.
The second method of creating titanium tubes involves welding. Welded tubes are more easy than seamless tubes, Welding machine weld the titanium trips in an automatic line. It’s a faster and cheaper way. any length and have a better smooth finish. especially when the thickness less than 0.8mm. but the welding line will be the headache on corrosion system.